PART ONE
THE STATE
Article 1
The Arab Republic of Egypt is a democratic, socialist State based on the alliance of the working forces of the people.
The Egyptian people are part of the Arab Nation and work for the realisation of its comprehensive unity.
Article 2
Islam is the religion of the state and Arabic its official language.
Islamic jurisprudence is the principal source of legislation.
Article 3
Sovereignty is for the people alone they are the source of authority.
The people shall exercise and protect this sovereignty, and safeguard national unity in the manner specified in the Constitution.
Article 4
The economic foundation of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a socialist democratic system based on sufficiency and justice in a manner preventing exploitation, conducive to liquidation of income differences, protecting legitimate earnings, and guaranteeing the equity of the distribution of public duties and responsibilities.
Article 5
The political system of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a multiparty one, within the framework of the basic elements and principles of the Egyptian society as stipulated in the Constitution (Political parties are regulated by law).
Article 6
The Egyptian nationality is defined by the law.
PART TWO
BASIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE SOCIETY
CHAPTER 1
Social and Moral ConstituentsArticle 7
Social solidarity is the basis of the society.
Article 8
The State shall guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizens.
Article 9
The family is the basis of the society founded on religion, morality and patriotism.
The State is keen to preserve the genuine character of the Egyptian family-with what it embodies of values and traditions-while affirming and developing this character in the relations within the Egyptian society.
Article 10
The State shall guarantee the protection of motherhood and childhood, take care of children and youth and provide the suitable conditions for the development of their talents.
Article 11
The State shall guarantee the proper coordination between the duties of woman towards the family and her work in the society, considering her equal with man in the fields of political, social, cultural and economic life without violation of the rules of Islamic jurisprudence.
Article 12
The society shall be committed to safeguarding and protecting morals, promoting the genuine Egyptian traditions and abiding by the high standards of religious education, moral and national values, historical heritage of the people, scientific facts, socialist conduct and public morality within the limits of the law.
The State is committed to abiding by these principles and promoting them.
Article 13
Work is right, a duty and an honour ensured by the State.
Workers who excel in their field of work shall receive the appreciation of the State and the society.
No work shall be imposed on the citizens, except by virtue of the law, for the performance of a public service and in return for a fair remuneration.
Article 14
Public offices are the right of all citizens and an assignment for their occupants in the service of the people.
The State guarantees their (the occupants) protection and the performance of their duties in safeguarding the interests of the people.
They may not be dismissed by other than the disciplinary way, except in the cases specified by the law.
Article 15
The war veterans, those injured in war or because of it, and the wives and children of those killed shall have priority in work opportunities according to the law.
Article 16
The State shall guarantee cultural, social and health services, and work to ensure them for the villages in particular in an easy and regular manner in order to raise their standard.
Article 17
The State- shall guarantee social and health insurance services and all the citizens have the right to pensions in cases of incapacity, unemployment and old-age, in accordance with the law.
Article 18
Education is a right guaranteed by the State.
It is obligatory in the primary stage and the State shall work to extend obligation to other stages.
The State shall supervise all branches of education and guarantee the independence of universities and scientific research centres, with a view to linking all this with the requirements of society and production.
Article 19
Religious education shall be a principal subject in the courses of general education.
Article 20
Education in the State educational institutions shall be free of charge in its various stages.
Article 21
Combating illiteracy shall be a national duty for which all the people's energies should be mobilized.
Article 22
The institution of civil titles shall be prohibited.
CHAPTER IIEconomic ConstituentsArticle 23
The national economy shall be organised in accordance with a comprehensive development plan which ensures
raising the national income, fair distribution, raising the standard of living, eliminating unemployment, increasing
work opportunities, connecting wages with production, fixing a minimum and a maximum limit for wages in a
manner which guarantees lessening the disparities between incomes.
Article 24
The people shall control all the means of production and direct their surplus in accordance with the development
plan laid down by the State.
Article 25
Every citizen shall have a share in the national revenue to be defined by the law in accordance with his work or his
unexploiting ownership
Article 26
The workers shall have a share in the management and profits of the projects. They are committed to the
development of production and the implementation of the plan in their production units, in accordance with the law.
protecting the means of production is a national duty.
Workers shall be represented on the boards of directors of the public sector units by at least 50% of the number of
members of these boards. The law shall guarantee for the small farmers and small craftsmen 80% of the
membership on the boards of directors of the agricultural CO-operatives and industrial cooperatives.
Article 27
Beneficiaries shall participate in the management of the services projects of public interest and their supervision in
accordance with the law.
Article 28
The State shall look after the CO-operative establishments in all their forms and encourage handicrafts with a
view to developing production and raising income.
The State shall endeavour to consolidate the agricultural cooperatives according to modern scientific bases.
Article 29
Ownership shall be under the supervision of the people and the protection of the State.
There are three kinds:
public ownership, cooperative ownership and private ownership.
Article 30
Public ownership is the ownership of the people and it is confirmed by the continuous consolidation of the public
sector.
The Public sector shall be the vanguard of progress in all spheres and shall assume the main responsibility in the
development plan.
Article 31
Co-operative ownership is the ownership of the co-operative societies. The law guarantees its protection and
self-management.
Article 32
Private ownership shall be represented by the unexploiting capital. The law organises the performance of its social
function in the service of national economy within the framework of the development plan without deviation or
exploitation. it may not be in conflict, in the ways of its use, with the general welfare of the people.
Article 33
Public ownership shall have its sanctity, and its protection and consolidation is the duty of every citizen in
accordance with the law, as it is considered the mainstay of the strength of the homeland, a basis for the socialist
system and a source of prosperity of the people.
Article 34
Private ownership shall be safeguarded and may not be put under sequestration except in the cases specified in the
law and with a judicial decision. It may not be expropriated except for the general good and against a fair
compensation in accordance with the law. The right of inheritance is guaranteed in it.
Article 35
Nationalisation shall not be allowed except for considerations of public interest, in accordance with a law and
against a compensation.
Article 36
General sequestration of funds shall be prohibited.
Private sequestration shall not be allowed except with a judicial decision.
Article 37
The law shall fix the maximum limit of land ownership with a view to protecting the farmer and the agricultural
labourer from exploitation and asserting the authority of the alliance of the people's working powers at the level of
the village.
Article 38
The tax system shall be based on social justice.
Article 39
Saving is a national duty protected, encouraged and organised by the State.
PART THREEPUBLIC FREEDOMS, RIGHTS AND DUTIES
Article 40
All citizens are equal before the law.
They have equal public rights and duties without discrimination between them due to race, ethnic origin, language,
religion or creed.
Article 41
Individual freedom is a natural right and shall not be touched.
Except in cases of a flagrant delicate no person may be arrested, inspected, detained or his freedom restricted or
prevented from free movement except by an or necessitated by investigations and preservation of the security of
the society.
This order shall be given by the competent judge or the Public Prosecution in accordance with the provisions of the
law.
The law shall determine the period of custody.
Article 42
Any person arrested, detained or his freedom restricted shall be treated in the manner concomitant with the
preservation of his dignity.
No physical or moral harm is to be inflicted upon him.
He may not be detained or imprisoned except in places defined by laws organising prisons.
If a confession is proved to have been made by a person under any of the aforementioned forms of duress or
coercion, it shall be considered invalid and futile.
Article 43
Any medical or scientific experiment may not be undergone on any person without his free consent.
Article 44
Homes shall have their sanctity and they may not be entered or inspected except by a causal judicial warrant
prescribed by the law.
Article 45
The law shall protect the inviolability of the private life of citizens.
Correspondence, wires, telephone calls an other means of communication shall have their own sanctity and secrecy
and may not be confiscated or monitored except by a causal judicial warrant and for a definite period according to
the provisions of the law.
Article 46
The State shall guarantee the freedom of belief and the freedom of practice of religious rites.
Article 47
Freedom of opinion is guaranteed.
Every individual has the right to express his opinion and to publicise it verbally or in writing or by photography or
by other means within the limits of the law.
Self-criticism and constructive criticism is the guarantee for the safety of the national structure.
Article 48
Freedom of the press, printing, publication and mass media shall be guaranteed.
Censorship on newspapers is forbidden as well as notifying, suspending or cancelling them by administrative
methods.
In a state of emergency or in time of war a limited censorship may be imposed on the newspapers, publications and
mass media in matters related to public safety or purposes of national security in accordance with the law.
Article 49
The State shall guarantee the freedom of scientific research and literary, artistic and cultural invention and
provide the necessary means for its realisation.
Article 50
No citizen may be prohibited from residing in any place and no citizen may be forced to reside in a particular place,
except in the cases defined by the law.
Article 51
No citizen may be deported from the country or prevented from returning to it.
Article 52
Citizens shall have the right to permanent or temporary immigration.
The law shall regulate this right and the measures and conditions of immigration and leaving the country.
Article 53
The right to political asylum shall be guaranteed by the State for every foreigner persecuted for defending the
peoples' interests, human rights, peace or justice.
The extradition of political refugees is prohibited.
Article 54
Citizens shall have the right to peaceable and unarmed private assembly, without the need for prior notice.
Security men should not attend these private meetings.
Public meetings, processions and gatherings are allowed within the limits of the law.
Article 55
Citizens shall have the right to form societies as defined in the law.
The establishment of societies whose activities are hostile to the social system, clandestine or have a military
character is prohibited.
Article 56
The creation of syndicates and unions on a democratic basis is a right guaranteed by law, and should have a moral
entity.
The law regulates the participation of syndicates and unions in carrying out the social programmes and plans,
raising the standard of efficiency, consolidating the socialist behavior among their members, and safeguarding
their funds.
They are responsible for questioning their members about their behavior in exercising their activities according to
certain codes of morals, and for defending the rights and liberties of their members as defined in the law.
Article 57
Any assault on individual freedom or on the inviolability of private life of citizens and any other public rights and
liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and the law shall be considered a crime, whose criminal and civil lawsuit is
not liable to prescription.
The State shall grant a fair compensation to the victim of such an assault.
Article 58
The defense of the motherland is a sacred duty, and conscription is obligatory in accordance with the law.
Article 59
Safeguarding, consolidating and preserving the socialist gains is a national duty.
Article 60
Protecting national unity and keeping State secrets is the duty of every citizen.
Article 61
Payment of taxes and public imports is a duty, in accordance with the law.
Article 62
Citizens shall have the right to vote, nominate and express their opinions in referendums according to the
provisions of the law.
Their participation in public life is a national duty.
Article 63
Every individual has the right to address public authorities in writing and with his own signature.
Addressing public authorities should not be in the name of groups, with the exception of disciplinary organs and
moral personalities.
PART FOUR
SOVEREIGNTY OF THE LAWArticle 64
Sovereignty of the law shall be the basis of rule in the State.
Article 65
The State shall be subject to law.
The independence and immunity of the judiciary are two basic guarantees to safeguard rights and liberties.
Article 66
Penalty shall be personal.
There shall be no crime or penalty except by virtue of the law.
No penalty shall be inflicted except by a judicial sentence.
Penalty shall be inflicted only for acts committed subsequent to the promulgation of the law prescribing them.
Article 67
Any defendant is innocent until he is proved guilty before a legal court, in which he is granted the right to defend
himself.
Every person accused of a crime must be provided with counsel for his defense.
Article 68
The right to litigation is inalienable for all, and every citizen has the right to refer to his competent judge.
The State shall guarantee the accessibility of the judicature organs to litigants, and the rapidity of statuting on
cases.
Any provision in the law stipulating the immunity of any act or administrative decision from the control of the
judicature is prohibited.
Article 69
The right of defense in person or by mandate is guaranteed.
The Law shall grant the financially incapable citizens the means to resort to justice and defend their rights.
Article 70
No penal lawsuit shall be sued except by an order from a judicature organ and in cases defined by the law.
Article 71
Any person arrested or detained should be informed, forthwith with the reasons for his arrest or detention.
He has the right to communicate, inform, and ask the help of anyone as prescribed in the law.
He must be faced, as soon as possible, with the charges directed against him.
Any person may lodge a complaint to the courts against any measure taken to restrict his individual freedom.
The law regulates the right of complaint in a manner ensuring a ruling regarding it within a definite period, or else
release is imperative.
Article 72
Sentences shall be passed and executed in the name of the people.
Likewise, refraining to execute sentences or obstructing them on the part of the concerned civil servants Is
considered a crime punishable by law.
In this case, those whom the sentence is in favour of, have the right to sue a direct penal lawsuit before the
competent court.
Part FiveSystem of Government
CHAPTER ONE The Head of StateArticle 73
The Head of State is the President of the Republic.
He shall assert the sovereignty of the people, respect the Constitution and the supremacy of the law, safeguard the
national unity and the socialist gains, and maintain the boundaries between authorities in a manner to ensure that
each shall perform its role in the national action.
Article 74
If any danger threatens the national unity or the safety of the motherland or obstructs the constitutional role of the
State institutions, the President of the Republic shall take urgent measures to face this danger, direct a statement
to the people and conduct a referendum on thConstitutionOf The Arab Republic of Egypt
PART ONE
THE STATE
Article 1
The Arab Republic of Egypt is a democratic, socialist State based on the alliance of the working forces of the people.
The Egyptian people are part of the Arab Nation and work for the realisation of its comprehensive unity.
Article 2
Islam is the religion of the state and Arabic its official language.
Islamic jurisprudence is the principal source of legislation.
Article 3
Sovereignty is for the people alone they are the source of authority.
The people shall exercise and protect this sovereignty, and safeguard national unity in the manner specified in the Constitution.
Article 4
The economic foundation of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a socialist democratic system based on sufficiency and justice in a manner preventing exploitation, conducive to liquidation of income differences, protecting legitimate earnings, and guaranteeing the equity of the distribution of public duties and responsibilities.
Article 5
The political system of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a multiparty one, within the framework of the basic elements and principles of the Egyptian society as stipulated in the Constitution (Political parties are regulated by law).
Article 6
The Egyptian nationality is defined by the law.
PART TWO
BASIC CONSTITUENTS OF THE SOCIETY
CHAPTER 1
Social and Moral ConstituentsArticle 7
Social solidarity is the basis of the society.
Article 8
The State shall guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizens.
Article 9
The family is the basis of the society founded on religion, morality and patriotism.
The State is keen to preserve the genuine character of the Egyptian family-with what it embodies of values and traditions-while affirming and developing this character in the relations within the Egyptian society.
Article 10
The State shall guarantee the protection of motherhood and childhood, take care of children and youth and provide the suitable conditions for the development of their talents.
Article 11
The State shall guarantee the proper coordination between the duties of woman towards the family and her work in the society, considering her equal with man in the fields of political, social, cultural and economic life without violation of the rules of Islamic jurisprudence.
Article 12
The society shall be committed to safeguarding and protecting morals, promoting the genuine Egyptian traditions and abiding by the high standards of religious education, moral and national values, historical heritage of the people, scientific facts, socialist conduct and public morality within the limits of the law.
The State is committed to abiding by these principles and promoting them.
Article 13
Work is right, a duty and an honour ensured by the State.
Workers who excel in their field of work shall receive the appreciation of the State and the society.
No work shall be imposed on the citizens, except by virtue of the law, for the performance of a public service and in return for a fair remuneration.
Article 14
Public offices are the right of all citizens and an assignment for their occupants in the service of the people.
The State guarantees their (the occupants) protection and the performance of their duties in safeguarding the interests of the people.
They may not be dismissed by other than the disciplinary way, except in the cases specified by the law.
Article 15
The war veterans, those injured in war or because of it, and the wives and children of those killed shall have priority in work opportunities according to the law.
Article 16
The State shall guarantee cultural, social and health services, and work to ensure them for the villages in particular in an easy and regular manner in order to raise their standard.
Article 17
The State- shall guarantee social and health insurance services and all the citizens have the right to pensions in cases of incapacity, unemployment and old-age, in accordance with the law.
Article 18
Education is a right guaranteed by the State.
It is obligatory in the primary stage and the State shall work to extend obligation to other stages.
The State shall supervise all branches of education and guarantee the independence of universities and scientific research centres, with a view to linking all this with the requirements of society and production.
Article 19
Religious education shall be a principal subject in the courses of general education.
Article 20
Education in the State educational institutions shall be free of charge in its various stages.
Article 21
Combating illiteracy shall be a national duty for which all the people's energies should be mobilized.
Article 22
The institution of civil titles shall be prohibited.
CHAPTER IIEconomic ConstituentsArticle 23
The national economy shall be organised in accordance with a comprehensive development plan which ensures
raising the national income, fair distribution, raising the standard of living, eliminating unemployment, increasing
work opportunities, connecting wages with production, fixing a minimum and a maximum limit for wages in a
manner which guarantees lessening the disparities between incomes.
Article 24
The people shall control all the means of production and direct their surplus in accordance with the development
plan laid down by the State.
Article 25
Every citizen shall have a share in the national revenue to be defined by the law in accordance with his work or his
unexploiting ownership
Article 26
The workers shall have a share in the management and profits of the projects. They are committed to the
development of production and the implementation of the plan in their production units, in accordance with the law.
protecting the means of production is a national duty.
Workers shall be represented on the boards of directors of the public sector units by at least 50% of the number of
members of these boards. The law shall guarantee for the small farmers and small craftsmen 80% of the
membership on the boards of directors of the agricultural CO-operatives and industrial cooperatives.
Article 27
Beneficiaries shall participate in the management of the services projects of public interest and their supervision in
accordance with the law.
Article 28
The State shall look after the CO-operative establishments in all their forms and encourage handicrafts with a
view to developing production and raising income.
The State shall endeavour to consolidate the agricultural cooperatives according to modern scientific bases.
Article 29
Ownership shall be under the supervision of the people and the protection of the State.
There are three kinds:
public ownership, cooperative ownership and private ownership.
Article 30
Public ownership is the ownership of the people and it is confirmed by the continuous consolidation of the public
sector.
The Public sector shall be the vanguard of progress in all spheres and shall assume the main responsibility in the
development plan.
Article 31
Co-operative ownership is the ownership of the co-operative societies. The law guarantees its protection and
self-management.
Article 32
Private ownership shall be represented by the unexploiting capital. The law organises the performance of its social
function in the service of national economy within the framework of the development plan without deviation or
exploitation. it may not be in conflict, in the ways of its use, with the general welfare of the people.
Article 33
Public ownership shall have its sanctity, and its protection and consolidation is the duty of every citizen in
accordance with the law, as it is considered the mainstay of the strength of the homeland, a basis for the socialist
system and a source of prosperity of the people.
Article 34
Private ownership shall be safeguarded and may not be put under sequestration except in the cases specified in the
law and with a judicial decision. It may not be expropriated except for the general good and against a fair
compensation in accordance with the law. The right of inheritance is guaranteed in it.
Article 35
Nationalisation shall not be allowed except for considerations of public interest, in accordance with a law and
against a compensation.
Article 36
General sequestration of funds shall be prohibited.
Private sequestration shall not be allowed except with a judicial decision.
Article 37
The law shall fix the maximum limit of land ownership with a view to protecting the farmer and the agricultural
labourer from exploitation and asserting the authority of the alliance of the people's working powers at the level of
the village.
Article 38
The tax system shall be based on social justice.
Article 39
Saving is a national duty protected, encouraged and organised by the State.
PART THREEPUBLIC FREEDOMS, RIGHTS AND DUTIES
Article 40
All citizens are equal before the law.
They have equal public rights and duties without discrimination between them due to race, ethnic origin, language,
religion or creed.
Article 41
Individual freedom is a natural right and shall not be touched.
Except in cases of a flagrant delicate no person may be arrested, inspected, detained or his freedom restricted or
prevented from free movement except by an or necessitated by investigations and preservation of the security of
the society.
This order shall be given by the competent judge or the Public Prosecution in accordance with the provisions of the
law.
The law shall determine the period of custody.
Article 42
Any person arrested, detained or his freedom restricted shall be treated in the manner concomitant with the
preservation of his dignity.
No physical or moral harm is to be inflicted upon him.
He may not be detained or imprisoned except in places defined by laws organising prisons.
If a confession is proved to have been made by a person under any of the aforementioned forms of duress or
coercion, it shall be considered invalid and futile.
Article 43
Any medical or scientific experiment may not be undergone on any person without his free consent.
Article 44
Homes shall have their sanctity and they may not be entered or inspected except by a causal judicial warrant
prescribed by the law.
Article 45
The law shall protect the inviolability of the private life of citizens.
Correspondence, wires, telephone calls an other means of communication shall have their own sanctity and secrecy
and may not be confiscated or monitored except by a causal judicial warrant and for a definite period according to
the provisions of the law.
Article 46
The State shall guarantee the freedom of belief and the freedom of practice of religious rites.
Article 47
Freedom of opinion is guaranteed.
Every individual has the right to express his opinion and to publicise it verbally or in writing or by photography or
by other means within the limits of the law.
Self-criticism and constructive criticism is the guarantee for the safety of the national structure.
Article 48
Freedom of the press, printing, publication and mass media shall be guaranteed.
Censorship on newspapers is forbidden as well as notifying, suspending or cancelling them by administrative
methods.
In a state of emergency or in time of war a limited censorship may be imposed on the newspapers, publications and
mass media in matters related to public safety or purposes of national security in accordance with the law.
Article 49
The State shall guarantee the freedom of scientific research and literary, artistic and cultural invention and
provide the necessary means for its realisation.
Article 50
No citizen may be prohibited from residing in any place and no citizen may be forced to reside in a particular place,
except in the cases defined by the law.
Article 51
No citizen may be deported from the country or prevented from returning to it.
Article 52
Citizens shall have the right to permanent or temporary immigration.
The law shall regulate this right and the measures and conditions of immigration and leaving the country.
Article 53
The right to political asylum shall be guaranteed by the State for every foreigner persecuted for defending the
peoples' interests, human rights, peace or justice.
The extradition of political refugees is prohibited.
Article 54
Citizens shall have the right to peaceable and unarmed private assembly, without the need for prior notice.
Security men should not attend these private meetings.
Public meetings, processions and gatherings are allowed within the limits of the law.
Article 55
Citizens shall have the right to form societies as defined in the law.
The establishment of societies whose activities are hostile to the social system, clandestine or have a military
character is prohibited.
Article 56
The creation of syndicates and unions on a democratic basis is a right guaranteed by law, and should have a moral
entity.
The law regulates the participation of syndicates and unions in carrying out the social programmes and plans,
raising the standard of efficiency, consolidating the socialist behavior among their members, and safeguarding
their funds.
They are responsible for questioning their members about their behavior in exercising their activities according to
certain codes of morals, and for defending the rights and liberties of their members as defined in the law.
Article 57
Any assault on individual freedom or on the inviolability of private life of citizens and any other public rights and
liberties guaranteed by the Constitution and the law shall be considered a crime, whose criminal and civil lawsuit is
not liable to prescription.
The State shall grant a fair compensation to the victim of such an assault.
Article 58
The defense of the motherland is a sacred duty, and conscription is obligatory in accordance with the law.
Article 59
Safeguarding, consolidating and preserving the socialist gains is a national duty.
Article 60
Protecting national unity and keeping State secrets is the duty of every citizen.
Article 61
Payment of taxes and public imports is a duty, in accordance with the law.
Article 62
Citizens shall have the right to vote, nominate and express their opinions in referendums according to the
provisions of the law.
Their participation in public life is a national duty.
Article 63
Every individual has the right to address public authorities in writing and with his own signature.
Addressing public authorities should not be in the name of groups, with the exception of disciplinary organs and
moral personalities.
PART FOUR
SOVEREIGNTY OF THE LAWArticle 64
Sovereignty of the law shall be the basis of rule in the State.
Article 65
The State shall be subject to law.
The independence and immunity of the judiciary are two basic guarantees to safeguard rights and liberties.
Article 66
Penalty shall be personal.
There shall be no crime or penalty except by virtue of the law.
No penalty shall be inflicted except by a judicial sentence.
Penalty shall be inflicted only for acts committed subsequent to the promulgation of the law prescribing them.
Article 67
Any defendant is innocent until he is proved guilty before a legal court, in which he is granted the right to defend
himself.
Every person accused of a crime must be provided with counsel for his defense.
Article 68
The right to litigation is inalienable for all, and every citizen has the right to refer to his competent judge.
The State shall guarantee the accessibility of the judicature organs to litigants, and the rapidity of statuting on
cases.
Any provision in the law stipulating the immunity of any act or administrative decision from the control of the
judicature is prohibited.
Article 69
The right of defense in person or by mandate is guaranteed.
The Law shall grant the financially incapable citizens the means to resort to justice and defend their rights.
Article 70
No penal lawsuit shall be sued except by an order from a judicature organ and in cases defined by the law.
Article 71
Any person arrested or detained should be informed, forthwith with the reasons for his arrest or detention.
He has the right to communicate, inform, and ask the help of anyone as prescribed in the law.
He must be faced, as soon as possible, with the charges directed against him.
Any person may lodge a complaint to the courts against any measure taken to restrict his individual freedom.
The law regulates the right of complaint in a manner ensuring a ruling regarding it within a definite period, or else
release is imperative.
Article 72
Sentences shall be passed and executed in the name of the people.
Likewise, refraining to execute sentences or obstructing them on the part of the concerned civil servants Is
considered a crime punishable by law.
In this case, those whom the sentence is in favour of, have the right to sue a direct penal lawsuit before the
competent court.
Part FiveSystem of Government
CHAPTER ONE The Head of StateArticle 73
The Head of State is the President of the Republic.
He shall assert the sovereignty of the people, respect the Constitution and the supremacy of the law, safeguard the
national unity and the socialist gains, and maintain the boundaries between authorities in a manner to ensure that
each shall perform its role in the national action.
Article 74
If any danger threatens the national unity or the safety of the motherland or obstructs the constitutional role of the
State institutions, the President of the Republic shall take urgent measures to face this danger, direct a statement
to the people and conduct a referendum on th
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